In the digital age, social media platforms have shifted from mere communication tools to powerful weapons in the arsenal of right-wing extremists and Islamic terrorist groups. In this part, I try to explore how these ideologies use social media to spread their messages, recruit members and influence global discourse, highlighting the challenges and opportunities these digital platforms offer in combating extremism.

This part delves into the ideologies, histories, and impacts of prominent Islamic extremist groups that have shaped global security landscapes over the past decades.

The rise of right-wing movements and Islamic extremist groups, despite their distinct origins and stated goals, reveals a complex web of ideological intersections. These groups, although on opposite ends of the religious and political spectrums

The term “Dark Ages” is often used to describe the early medieval period in Europe, a time that followed the collapse of the Western Roman Empire around the 5th century AD. This period, extending roughly until the 10th century